ICOMOS - ICOMOS (English spelling)

Japanese: イコモス - いこもす(英語表記)ICOMOS
ICOMOS - ICOMOS (English spelling)

An international non-governmental organization (NGO) engaged in activities related to the protection of cultural properties. Following the adoption of the "International Charter for the Preservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites" (Venice Charter) in 1964, it was established in 1965, the year after its establishment, and its first general assembly was held in Poland in June of the same year. Its official name is the "International Council on Monuments and Sites," and it is commonly referred to as "ICOMOS," an acronym of its English name.

While maintaining close ties with international organizations such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the ICOMOS is focused on the research and application of theories, methodologies, and science and technology related to cultural heritage preservation. In addition, as a specialized advisory body for cultural heritage and in charge of reviewing and monitoring registrations under the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, ICOMOS has also been attracting attention in light of the growing interest in world heritage sites since the beginning of the 21st century.

Specifically, for candidate properties that have been applied for to the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, ICOMOS members inspect the site in the year before the review, and based on the application and the results of the investigation, make a recommendation in four stages - registration, information inquiry, deferral of registration, or non-registration - several months before the committee. Based on this recommendation, the World Heritage Committee deliberates whether to register the property.

As of March 2016, there are 151 participating countries and approximately 9,500 members. The organization is made up of leading experts and professional organizations in the field of cultural heritage preservation from each country. The headquarters is located in Charenton-le-Pont, a suburb of Paris, France.

In Japan, the National Committee for ICOMOS (Japan National Committee) was approved in 1972. As of June 2016, the committee has approximately 450 members, including academics and other experienced people. The committee's secretariat is located in Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo.

[Takehiro Sataki February 16, 2017]

[References] | World Heritage | World Heritage Convention

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

文化財の保護に関する活動を行う国際非政府組織(NGO)。1964年に採択された「記念物と遺跡の保存と修復に関する国際憲章」(ベネチア憲章)を受けて翌1965年に設立され、同年6月にポーランドで第1回総会が開かれた。正式名称は「国際記念物遺跡会議:International Council on Monuments and Sites」で、英語名の頭文字をとって、一般に「イコモス」とよばれている。

 国連教育科学文化機関(ユネスコ)をはじめとする国際機関と密接な関係を保ちながら、文化遺産保存に関する理論、方法論、科学技術の研究・応用などを活動の柱とする。また、ユネスコの世界遺産条約に関しては、文化遺産における専門の諮問機関として登録の審査、モニタリングの活動を行っていることから、21世紀に入ってからの世界遺産への関心の高まりを受けて、イコモスにも注目が集まっている。

 具体的な活動としては、ユネスコ世界遺産委員会に申請された候補物件について、審査の前年にイコモスの委員が現地を調査し、委員会の数か月前に申請書や調査結果を踏まえて、登録、情報照会、登録延期、不登録の4段階で勧告を行う。世界遺産委員会では、この勧告に基づいて、委員により登録の可否が審議される。

 2016年3月時点の参加国は151か国、会員はおよそ9500人。各国の文化遺産保存分野の第一線の専門家や専門団体によって構成されている。本部はフランスのパリ郊外のシャラントン・ル・ポンにある。

 日本では、1972年(昭和47)に国内委員会(日本イコモス国内委員会)が承認された。2016年6月時点の会員数は学識経験者などおよそ450人である。委員会の事務局は東京都千代田区一ツ橋に置かれている。

[佐滝剛弘 2017年2月16日]

[参照項目] | 世界遺産 | 世界遺産条約

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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