A German word meaning "union," specifically referring to the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany. The two countries were originally of the same Germanic ethnic group, but they had been clearly separated since Otto Bismarck's Second Reich, and after World War I, the Allied Powers, fearing Germany's growing power, forbade the annexation by the Treaty of Versailles. However, Adolf Hitler had a strong desire for annexation, and taking advantage of the rise of Nazi elements in Austria and Britain's appeasement policy toward Germany, he invaded Austria with German troops on March 12, 1938, and on the 14th, he declared the unification of Germany and Austria. Furthermore, on April 10, a national referendum was held on whether to annex, and the annexation was realized with overwhelming support. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ドイツ語で「合併」を意味することばで,特にナチス・ドイツによるオーストリア併合をさす。両国はもともと同じゲルマン民族の国であるが,オットー・ビスマルクのドイツ第二帝国以来明確に分断され,第1次世界大戦後はドイツの強大化を恐れた連合国によりベルサイユ条約で合併を禁じられていた。しかしアドルフ・ヒトラーは併合を強く企図し,オーストリア内のナチス分子の台頭,イギリスの対ドイツ宥和政策に乗じて,1938年3月 12日にドイツ軍をオーストリア国内に進駐させ,14日にはドイツ=オーストリア合邦を宣言。さらに4月 10日には併合の是非を問う国民投票を行ない,圧倒的な賛意を得て併合を実現した。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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