Ankamon-in

Japanese: 安嘉門院 - あんかもんいん

Year of death: September 4, 6th year of Koan (September 26th, 1283)
Year of birth: 1209
A female emperor in the mid-Kamakura period. She is known for inheriting the Hachijo-in estate. She was the third princess of the retired Emperor Gotakakura. Her name was Kuniko. Her mother was Kitashirakawa-in, the daughter of Gon Chunagon Fujiwara no Motoie. After the Jokyu War in 1221, her younger brother Emperor Go-Horikawa was enthroned, and in November of that year, four months later, she became an Imperial Princess, and the following month, she was made Empress as the Emperor's quasi-mother. In August 1224, she was given the title of Empress. In May 1235, she became a nun. After the Jokyu War, the vast imperial estate of Hachijo-in was taken over by the retired Emperor Gotakakura, but the retired Emperor handed over most of it to Kuniko (then the Empress). As a result, people who had previously served Hachijo-in (the daughter of Toba), such as the famous poet Fujiwara no Teika, began to serve Ankamon-in. In 1283, she died leaving her estate to her niece, Muromachi-in (the daughter of Emperor Gohorikawa), but since the reigning emperor at the time, Emperor Kameyama, was the adopted son of Ankamon-in, he lobbied the shogunate and succeeded in acquiring the estate. Thus, the Hachijo-in estate became a major source of revenue for the Daikakuji line.

(Kiyoko Akiyama)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：弘安6.9.4(1283.9.26)
生年：承元3(1209)
鎌倉中期の女院。八条院領を継承したことで知られる。後高倉上皇の第3皇女。名は邦子。母は権中納言藤原基家の娘,北白河院。承久3(1221)年の承久の乱後,同母弟の後堀河天皇が推戴されると,その4カ月後の同年11月,内親王となり,翌月天皇の准母として皇后宮に立てられた。元仁1(1224)年8月,院号宣下。文暦2(1235)年5月,出家。膨大な皇室領荘園である八条院領は承久の乱後,後高倉上皇が管領したが,上皇はそのほとんどを邦子(当時皇后宮)に譲与した。その結果,有名な歌人の藤原定家ら以前八条院(鳥羽の娘)に仕えていた者が,安嘉門院に仕えるようになった。弘安6(1283)年,姪の室町院(後堀河の娘)に所領を譲って没したが,当時の治天の君である亀山上皇が安嘉門院の猶子だったことから幕府に働きかけて,これを取得することに成功した。かくして八条院領は大覚寺統の有力な財源となった。

(秋山喜代子)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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