Arzú Irigoyen, Alvaro

Japanese: アルス（英語表記）Arzú Irigoyen, Alvaro

Born March 14, 1946 in Guatemala City. Guatemalan politician and businessman. President (in office 1996-2000). He helped Guatemala take its first steps towards recovery after decades of civil war. A descendant of immigrants from the Basque Country in Spain, he is part of a small but powerful European elite in the country. He received degrees in social sciences and law from Rafael Landivar University. In 1982, he ran for mayor of Guatemala as a member of the Christian Democratic Party (PDCG) and was elected, but was unable to take office due to a military coup. In 1985, he ran again with the support of the political party coalition "Citizens' Committees for National Progress Plan", which included the PDCG, and won by a landslide victory, serving as mayor until 1990. In 1989, this political party coalition was renamed the National Progressive Party (PAN) and became an official political party, and he ran for president in 1990 with the support of the party, but was defeated. In 1991, he became Minister of Foreign Affairs. In the same year, he resigned his position as Minister to become Secretary General of the PAN. In 1995, he ran for President for the third time, calling for social reform and peace with guerrilla forces. He received strong support from voters in Guatemala City and narrowly won the runoff election in January 1996. After assuming office, he moved quickly to end the long-running civil war. On December 4, 1996, the government and the Guatemalan National Revolutionary Union (URNG) agreed to a permanent ceasefire in Oslo, Norway, and on December 29 of the same year, the Final Peace Agreement was signed in Guatemala City, ending a civil war that had lasted for more than 35 years. In 2003, he was re-elected Mayor of Guatemala City, and in 2007, he was re-elected for a third term.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1946.3.14. グアテマラ市
グアテマラの政治家，実業家。大統領（在任 1996～2000）。グアテマラが数十年に及ぶ内戦から復興への第一歩を踏み出すのに貢献した。スペインのバスク地方（→バスク自治州）からの移民の末裔で，国内では少数ながら強い影響力をもつヨーロッパ系エリートに属する。ラファエル・ランディバル大学で社会科学，法学の学位を取得。1982年，キリスト教民主党 PDCGからグアテマラ市長選挙に立候補し当選したが，軍事クーデターが発生し就任できなかった。PDCGも参加した政党連合「国民進歩のための市民委員会計画」の支持を得て 1985年に再び立候補，圧倒的勝利を収め 1990年まで市長を務めた。1989年，この政党連合が国民進歩党 PANと改称し正式な政党になると，同党の支持を受け 1990年に大統領選挙に出馬したが敗北を喫した。1991年，外務大臣に就任。同 1991年，大臣職を辞して PAN書記長の座についた。1995年，社会改革およびゲリラ勢力との和平を訴えて 3度目の大統領選挙に立候補。グアテマラ市の有権者から大きな支持を得て，1996年1月の決選投票でかろうじて勝利を収めた。就任後は長年にわたる内戦の終結に向け迅速に行動し，1996年12月4日，政府とグアテマラ民族革命連合 URNGがノルウェーのオスロで恒久的停戦に合意，同年 12月29日にグアテマラ市で最終和平協定に署名した。これにより，35年以上にわたり続いた内戦が終結した。2003年，グアテマラ市長に再選，2007年には 3選を果たした。

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