Italian adventurer and writer. Born in Venice on April 2nd as the son of an actor. Until his death on June 4th, 1798, as a librarian for the Waldstein family at the castle of Dux in Bohemia, he traveled throughout Europe for over 50 years, mainly in his hometown of Venice and Paris, but also in Constantinople (Istanbul), Vienna, London, St. Petersburg, and Madrid. During that time, he sometimes falsely called himself a "Knight of Senghor" and was involved in shady jobs such as gambler, diplomat, Kabbalistic fortune teller, speculator, and spy, and was imprisoned many times. Incidentally, his escape from the Piombo prison in Venice in 1756 after 15 months of imprisonment was a major epoch in his turbulent life. Casanova lived a free and dissolute life, associating with all kinds of people, from rulers and aristocrats to writers, scientists, painters, actors, tricksters, and libertines, as well as ladies, maids, and prostitutes, and armed with his shrewd intelligence, unreserved morals, and broad but not profound education. Although he left behind a vast amount of writing, including the fantastic novel "Icosameron" (written in 1788) and other prose works, Casanova's fame as a writer rests solely on "Narrative of My Life" (1791-98), written in French at the Château de Ducs in the final years of his life. Filled with the record of erotic love affairs, Casanova's "Memoirs" is still read today as a vivid document of the people and customs of 18th century European society. [Hiroto Koga] "Kishida Kunio's translation of "Memoirs of Casanova" 20 volumes, discontinued at volume 7 (Iwanami Bunko)" ▽ "Kubota Haniya's translation of "Memoirs of Casanova" 6 volumes (1968-69, Kawade Shobo)" Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イタリアの冒険家、作家。4月2日、ベネチアに役者の子として生まれる。1798年6月4日、ボヘミアのドゥクスの城でワルトシュタイン伯爵家の図書係として没するまで、50余年にわたって生地ベネチアとパリを中心に、コンスタンティノープル(イスタンブール)、ウィーン、ロンドン、ペテルブルグ、マドリードと全ヨーロッパを渡り歩いた。その間、ときに「サンゴールの騎士」を僭称(せんしょう)しつつ、賭博(とばく)師、外交官、カバラの占い師、投機家、密偵などの怪しい仕事に携わり、また何度も投獄の憂き目にあっている。ちなみに1756年、15か月にわたる幽閉ののち、ベネチア・ピオンボ牢獄(ろうごく)からの脱獄は、波瀾(はらん)万丈のその生涯のなかでも一大エポックであった。カサノーバは、君主、貴族から、文人、自然科学者、画家、役者、ぺてん師、放蕩(ほうとう)者、そして貴婦人から下女、娼婦(しょうふ)に至るまであらゆる類(たぐい)の人間と交わり、抜け目のない才覚と、遠慮を知らぬモラル、深くはないが広い教養を武器に、自由放逸な生涯を送った。 空想的な小説『イコサメロン』(1788執筆)ほかの散文をはじめ膨大な量の書きものを残したが、著述家としてのカサノーバの名声は、ひとえに最晩年にドゥクスの城でフランス語で書かれた『わが生涯の物語(回想録)』(1791~98)によっている。エロティックな情事の記録が全編にあふれるカサノーバの『回想録』は、18世紀ヨーロッパ社会の人々と風俗の生々しいドキュメントとして、いまなお読まれている。 [古賀弘人] 『岸田国士訳『カザノヴァ回想録』全20巻、7巻で中断(岩波文庫)』▽『窪田般彌訳『カザノヴァ回想録』全6巻(1968~69・河出書房)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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