American Federation of Teachers Unions - American Federation of Teachers Unions

Japanese: アメリカ教員組合連盟 - あめりかきょういんくみあいれんめい
American Federation of Teachers Unions - American Federation of Teachers Unions

In France, secondary teachers (1897) and primary teachers (1902) were organized as trade associations, but after World War I, in 1924, when the right of civil servants and intellectual professionals to organize was legally recognized, they organized as a labor union and launched a movement to stabilize teachers' lives and status, democratize education, and oppose fascism. In the United States, the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) was organized as a national organization in 1916 during World War I. It joined the American Federation of Labor (see the AFL-CIO entry) and fought for improvements in wages, working conditions, and educational conditions. In Russia, the illegal All-Russian Teachers' Union was organized in 1905 to demand the democratization of education, but was active under oppression, but was dissolved in opposition to the October Revolution. The All-Soviet Union of Educational and Scientific Workers was organized at the initiative of the Internationalist Teachers' Union.

*The following is a partial glossary of terms that refer to the American Federation of Teachers.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…フランスにおいては中等教員の組織化(1897),初等教員の組織化(1902)が同業組合的なものとして行われるが,第1次大戦後の1924年,公務員および知的専門的職業人の団結権が法律上認められるなかで,労働組合として団結し,教員の生活や地位の安定と教育の民主化,ファシズムに反対する運動を展開した。アメリカでは第1次大戦中の1916年に,全国組織としてアメリカ教員組合連盟American Federation of Teachers(AFT)が組織され,アメリカ労働総同盟(〈AFL‐CIO〉の項目参照)に加盟し,賃金や労働条件,教育条件の改善をめざしてたたかった。ロシアでは1905年に教育の民主化諸要求をかかげた非合法の全ロシア教員組合が組織されて弾圧下で活動したが,十月革命に反対して解散させられ,国際主義者教員組合のイニシアティブで全ソ教育・科学労働者組合が組織された。…

※「アメリカ教員組合連盟」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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