It is an aldehyde derivative and is widely distributed in the plant kingdom as a benzaldehyde cyanohydrin glycoside. It is found in the mature fruit of the bitter almond tree, native to Iran and Syria and cultivated in North Africa, southern France, and the California region of North America. This substance is hydrolyzed by the enzyme emulsin to two moles of glucose and one mole of dextrorotatory benzaldehyde cyanohydrin, which is further decomposed into benzaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide (hydrogen prussic acid). Benzaldehyde is the main component of essential oils such as almond oil and cassia oil. [Kikumasa Sato] [Supplementary Materials] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アルデヒド誘導体の一つで、ベンズアルデヒドシアンヒドリン配糖体として植物界に広く分布している。 イラン、シリアが原産であり、北アフリカ、南フランス、北米カリフォルニア地方で栽培されているクヘントウジュ(苦扁桃樹)の成熟した果実中にみいだされる。この物質は酵素エムルジンによって加水分解されて、2モルのブドウ糖と1モルの右旋性ベンズアルデヒドシアンヒドリンとなり、後者はさらにベンズアルデヒドとシアン化水素(青酸)とに分解する。ベンズアルデヒドはクヘントウ油、カシア油などの精油の主成分である。 [佐藤菊正] [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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