International Convention for the Prevention of Oil Pollution of Sea Waters - International Convention for the Prevention of Oil Pollution of Sea Waters

Japanese: 油による海水の汚濁の防止のための国際条約 - あぶらによるかいすいのおだくのぼうしのためのこくさいじょうやく
International Convention for the Prevention of Oil Pollution of Sea Waters - International Convention for the Prevention of Oil Pollution of Sea Waters

...At the same time, the number of large oil spills and dumpings due to tanker accidents increased, and oil pollution came to be recognized worldwide as a major issue in marine pollution. Prevention measures were considered by IMCO (now IMO), and in 1954 the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Seas by Oil was established. Furthermore, in March 1967, the Torrey Canyon incident, which ran aground off the southwest coast of England and spilled about 70,000 tons of crude oil, further promoted the development of an international legal system against oil pollution.

From [Marine Pollution]

...The main causes of ocean pollution are the inflow of pollutants from land, the fall of airborne particles, and the release of waste from tankers and other ships, but recently there has been concern about thermal pollution of coastal waters caused by heated wastewater from thermal and nuclear power plants, and radioactive pollution of the ocean caused by the release of radioactive waste from onshore nuclear facilities and nuclear ships. Pollutants released into the atmosphere also fall directly onto the ocean surface through precipitation, and flow into the ocean via rivers on land, so ultimately the ocean could become a repository of a large amount of waste. ...

*The following is an explanation of terms that refer to the "International Convention for the Prevention of Oil Pollution of the Seas."

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…一方,これに伴ってタンカーの事故による大量の油流出や油の投棄が増加し,油汚染が海洋汚染の重要な課題として世界的に認識されるようになった。防止対策はIMCO(イムコ)(現在のIMO)で検討され,54年には〈油による海水の汚濁の防止のための国際条約〉が成立した。さらに67年3月,イングランド南西沖で座礁し約7万tの原油を流出したトリー・キャニオン号事件は,国際的な油汚染に対する法制度の整備をさらに促すきっかけとなった。…

【海洋汚染】より

…海洋を汚染するおもなものは,陸地からの汚染物の流入,大気浮遊塵の落下,タンカーその他の船からの廃棄物の放出などであるが,最近は,火力発電所や原子力発電所の温排水による沿岸海域の熱汚染,陸上原子力施設,原子力船からの放射性廃棄物の放出による海洋の放射能汚染などが憂慮されている。大気中に放出された汚染物質も,降水によって直接海面に落下するほか,陸上の河川を経て海洋に流れ込むので,終局的には海洋が多くの廃棄物の集積場ともなりかねない。…

※「油による海水の汚濁の防止のための国際条約」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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