… They grow almost everywhere in nature, and unique ascocysts live in soil, plant remains, fallen branches, and leaves, as well as in fresh water and sea water. They are broadly divided into irregular ascocyst fungi (Aspergillus oryzae, etc.), whose protective organs are simply hyphae (spherical, closed type), Sclerotinic fungi (Neuromus crassa, Cordyceps sinensis), whose hyphae are flask-shaped and whose spores are dispersed from the opening at the tip, and Discocyst fungi (Phalaenopsis nigricans), whose hyphae are cup-shaped and whose asci grow densely in a palisade-like pattern on the inside of the cup. Ascocysts differ from Zygomycetes and Basidiomycetes in that, in addition to forming ascocysts, many species reproduce asexually as well as sexually, and when the asexual generation is viewed alone, they appear to be imperfect fungi. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "nucleophytes" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 自然界のほとんどあらゆるところに生育して,土壌,植物遺体,落枝葉などにはもちろん,淡水,海水中にまでそれぞれ独特の子囊菌がすんでいる。保護器官が,菌糸が単にとりまいているだけ(球形,閉鎖型)の閉子囊殻形成菌は不整子囊菌類(コウジカビ,マユハキタケなど),菌糸組織としてフラスコ形となり先端の開口部から胞子を分散する子囊殻形成菌は核菌類(アカパンカビ,冬虫夏草),菌糸組織がカップ状となり子囊はカップ内面に裸出して柵状に密生する子囊盤形成菌は盤菌類(チャワンタケ)と大別されている。 子囊菌類が接合菌類や担子菌類と異なる点は,子囊を形成すること以外に,多数の種が有性生殖を行うと同時に無性生殖も行うことであり,無性世代だけを見ると不完全菌の姿に見える。… ※「核菌類」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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