ISA - Hello

Japanese: ISA - あいさ
ISA - Hello
This is a bus standardized by IEEE based on the AT bus, which was an expansion bus for the IBM PC/AT. The ISA specifications are almost the same as those of the AT bus, but there are some differences in the detailed timing (some parts that were not specified in the AT bus are specified in the ISA). The ISA bus has a 24-bit address bus, a 16-bit data bus, seven DMA request signals, and 11 interrupt request signals. The bus clock was originally 6 MHz in the AT bus era, but now 8.33 MHz has become the standard (although depending on the machine, it is often changed to a range of around 6 MHz to 16 MHz). The data transfer speed is a peak of 8 Mbytes/sec when the bus clock is 8 MHz and memory is accessed. ISA is the most commonly used expansion bus in the world of PC compatible machines. However, when used with today's high-speed CPUs such as the 486 and Pentium, the ISA bus is weak in terms of both functionality and performance. For example, it has shortcomings such as slow data transfer speed, small memory space (16MB), poor DMA controller function and bus master support, and complicated system resource configuration. To solve these problems, expansion buses such as MCA, EISA, VL-Bus, and PCI have been developed. Regarding system resource configuration, a new standard called Plug and Play ISA will add an automatic configuration function.

Source: ASCII.jp Digital Dictionary About ASCII.jp Digital Dictionary Information

Japanese:
IBM PC/ATの拡張バスであるATバスを、IEEEが標準規格化したバス。ISAの仕様はATバスとほとんど同じだが、細かいタイミングに違いがある(ATバスで規定されていなかった部分で、ISAでは規定されている部分もある)。 ISAバスは、24bit幅のアドレスバスと16ビット幅のデータバス、7本のDMA要求信号、11本の割り込み要求信号を備える。バスクロックは、ATバスのころは最初6MHzだったが、現在は8.33MHzが標準になった(もっとも、マシンによっては6MHz~16MHzぐらいの範囲で変えられることが多い)。データ転送速度は、バスクロックが8MHzでメモリーアクセスの場合、ピークで8Mbytes/secである。 ISAは、PC互換機の世界で一番よく利用されている拡張バスである。しかし現在の486やPentiumなどの高速なCPUで利用するには、ISAバスは機能的にも性能的にも非力といわざるをえない。たとえばデータ転送速度の遅さのほか、メモリー空間が狭い(16Mbytes)、DMAコントローラの機能やバスマスターのサポートが貧弱、システムリソースの設定が繁雑、といった欠点がある。これらの問題を解決すべく、MCAやEISA、VL-Bus、PCIといった拡張バスが開発されてきた。なお、システムリソースの設定については、Plug and Play ISAという新たな規格で自動設定機能が追加される。

出典 ASCII.jpデジタル用語辞典ASCII.jpデジタル用語辞典について 情報

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