Abolish the traditional calendar system and adopt a new one. In the West, in 46 BC, Caesar implemented the Julian calendar, a solar calendar, and added 90 leap days to fill the gap with the lunisolar Roman calendar (355 days per year). This resulted in a year that was 445 days long, and was later called a turbulent year. In 1582, Pope Gregory XIII changed this to the Gregorian calendar, making the day after October 4th of that year October 15th. This change was delayed in Protestant countries, and was implemented in Denmark, the Netherlands, and Germany in 1700, in Britain and its colonies in 1752 (the day after September 2nd of that year was changed to September 14th), and in the former Soviet Union in 1918. Japan used the lunisolar calendar for a long time, importing and adopting the Chinese calendars of Yuanjia (Jitō 6th year, 692), Yihō (Bunmu 1st year, 697), Daien (Tenpyō Hōji 8th year, 764), Goki (Ten'an 2nd year, 858), and Senmei (Jogan 4th year, 862). In the Edo period, the Japanese revised the calendars of Jōkyō (Jokyō 2nd year, 1685), Horeki (Horeki 5th year, 1755), Kansei (Kansei 10th year, 1798), and Tenpo (Kōka 1st year, 1844). The day after December 2nd, Meiji 5th year of the lunar calendar, was made January 1st, Meiji 6th year (1873), and the solar calendar was adopted from then on. → Related topics Lunar calendar | Chinese calendar Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
従来の暦法を廃し,新暦を行うこと。西洋では,前46年カエサルが太陽暦のユリウス暦を実施し,それまでの太陰太陽暦であるローマ暦(1年が355日)とのギャップを埋めるため,90日もの閏(うるう)日を加えた。そのためこの年の長さが445日にもなり,後世,乱年とよばれた。1582年ローマ教皇グレゴリウス13世がこれをグレゴリオ暦に改め,同年10月4日の翌日を10月15日とした。新教徒の国ではこの改暦は遅れ,デンマーク,オランダ,ドイツでは1700年,英国とその植民地で1752年(同年9月2日の翌日を9月14日とした),旧ソ連では1918年に行われた。日本では長く太陰太陽暦を用い,元嘉暦(持統6年。692年),儀鳳暦(文武1年。697年),大衍暦(天平宝字8年。764年),五紀暦(天安2年。858年),宣明暦(貞観4年。862年)と中国の暦を輸入採用した後,江戸時代から日本人の手を加えた貞享暦(貞享2年。1685年),宝暦暦(宝暦5年。1755年),寛政暦(寛政10年。1798年),天保暦(弘化1年。1844年)が実施された。旧暦明治5年12月2日の翌日を明治6年(1873年)1月1日として,これより太陽暦に改めた。 →関連項目旧暦|中国暦 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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