Villancico

Japanese: villancico
Villancico

…It is a general term for religious folk songs sung during the Christmas season. However, carols are the English term, and in France they are called noël, in Germany they are called Weihnachtslied, and in Spain they are called villancico. In all countries, the songs tend to be familiar and cheerful.

From [Medieval Music]

…In the 13th century, lauda (praise) was created in central Italy, a form of simple chant associated with the religious movement of Francis of Assisi, and cantiga (song) was created in Spain at the same time. These non-liturgical chant were closely related to the virelai (villancico in Spanish), a form of simple secular song, and were used for collective religious acts (such as penitential acts) outside the church. Polyphony, which first developed in monasteries, began to echo through the vast spaces of the cathedrals as the Gothic cathedrals were built one after another. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "villancico" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…クリスマスの時期に歌われる宗教的な民謡を総称する。ただし,キャロルは英語の呼び方で,フランスではノエルnoël,ドイツではクリスマスのリートWeihnachtslied,スペインではビリャンシーコvillancicoと呼ばれる。どの国の場合も,親しみやすく明るい調子の曲が多い。…

【中世音楽】より

…13世紀には,アッシジのフランチェスコの宗教運動と結び付いた,俗語による単旋律宗教歌ラウダlauda(賛美)が中部イタリアで作られ,同じ頃スペインでは,カンティガcantiga(歌)が作られた。これらの非典礼的宗教歌は,形式的には単旋律世俗歌の一形式であるビルレーvirelai(スペインではビリャンシーコvillancico)と深いかかわりをもち,聖堂外での信徒の集団的な宗教行為(悔悛の苦行など)に用いられた。 初めは修道院中心に発展させられた多声音楽は,ゴシック様式の大聖堂が次々と建築される頃になると,大聖堂の広大な空間にこだまするようになった。…

※「villancico」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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