…The term mahājanapada translates to “great country,” with maha meaning “big” and janapada meaning “a place of human habitation.” The names of the countries vary slightly depending on the scriptures, but according to the early Pāli Buddhist scriptures, they are Aṅga, Magadha, Kāsi (Kāsi), Kosala (country), Vajji, Malla, Ceti, Vaṃsa, Kuru, Panchāla, Maccha, Sūrasena, Assaka, Avanti, Gandhāra, and Kamboja. Most of the countries were in the Ganga (Ganges) River basin, but they also included countries in the northwestern frontier regions such as Gandhara and Kamboja, and Assaka in the western Deccan. … From [Ricchavi]...They adopted a tribal republic (Sangha) system, and 7,707 people called Raja (royalty) participated in the tribal assembly, the highest organ of the state. They were the leaders of the Vṛjji Confederation, which united countries with the same republic system, and are often identified with the Brij tribe. Buddha listed seven reasons for the strength of the Licchavi nation, including unity and respect for tradition. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "Vajji" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…大国とはマハージャナパダmahājanapadaの訳で,マハーは〈大きい〉,ジャナパダは〈人間の居住地〉を意味する。国名は経典によって若干の相違があるが,パーリ語原始仏教経典によれば,アンガAṅga,マガダ,カーシーKāsī(カーシKāsi),コーサラ(国),バッジVajji,マッラ,チェーティCeti,バンサVaṃsa,クル,パンチャーラ,マッチャMaccha,スーラセーナSūrasena,アッサカAssaka,アバンティAvanti,ガンダーラGandhāra,カンボージャKambojaである。ガンガー(ガンジス)川流域諸国が大部分を占めたが,ガンダーラ,カンボージャなどの西北辺境地域,デカン西部のアッサカなどの国々も含まれている。… 【リッチャビ】より…部族共和制(サンガ)を採用し,国家の最高機関である部族集会にはラージャ(王族)と称する7707人が参加したという。同じ共和制の諸国を糾合したブリジVṛjji(バッジVajji)同盟の盟主の地位にあり,しばしばブリジ族と同一視される。釈迦はリッチャビ族の国家が強力である理由として,団結と伝統尊重など7項目をあげたという。… ※「Vajji」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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