Umbarger, HE (English spelling)

Japanese: Umbarger,H.E.(英語表記)UmbargerHE
Umbarger, HE (English spelling)

… In the late 1950s, several groups studying the biosynthesis and degradation of amino acids and nucleotides discovered the phenomenon of automatic regulation of metabolic flow. For example, HEUmbarger et al., who were studying the biosynthesis of L-isoleucine in microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, discovered that the deamination of L-threonine, the initial step in this metabolic pathway, was specifically inhibited by the final product, L-isoleucine, and ABPardee et al. found that a similar feedback control was at work in the synthetic pathways of tryptophan and CTP (cytidine triphosphate). In the operon theory, repression of enzyme synthesis is the phenomenon in which the biosynthesis of all enzyme proteins involved in the biosynthesis of a substance is suppressed by the final product, but the above feedback inhibition means that only the activity of the enzyme located at the initial step is inhibited by the final product. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Umbarger, HE" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… 1950年代の後半に,アミノ酸やヌクレオチド類の生合成や分解代謝を研究していたいくつかのグループが,代謝の流れが自動的に調節される現象を発見した。たとえば,大腸菌などの微生物におけるL‐イソロイシンの生合成を研究していたアンバーガーH.E.Umbargerらは,この代謝経路の初発段階としてのL‐トレオニンの脱アミノ反応が,最終産物であるL‐イソロイシンによって特異的に阻害される事実を発見し,また,パーディーA.B.Pardeeらは,トリプトファンやCTP(シチジン三リン酸)の合成経路で同様なフィードバック制御が働いていることを見いだした。オペロン説における酵素合成のリプレッションrepressionは,ある物質の生合成に関与するすべての酵素タンパク質の生合成が,最終産物によって抑制される現象であるが,上記のフィードバック阻害は,初発段階に位置する酵素の活性のみが,最終産物によって阻害されることを意味する。…

※「Umbarger,H.E.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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