...The two great instincts that S. Freud spoke of, the "sexual instinct" and the "instinct for self-preservation" or the "instinct for life" and "instinct for death", belong to this category. In English, the word "instinct" is used, but since Freud originally used the German word "Trieb", in this case it would be more appropriate to translate it as "impulse" or "drive". On the other hand, apart from that, there was also a usage of "instinct" to justify behavior in nature, not necessarily limited to living things, that exceeds human understanding. ... From [Drive]…A psychoanalytic concept used by S. Freud. Originally a translation of the German word Trieb, it is also translated as "instinct," but should be distinguished from instinct. Freud described drive as a "borderline concept between the mental and the physical," and used it as a concept that takes into account biological foundations, compared to "need" and "desire," which are psychological conscious experiences, but also as a more psychological concept than "instinct." … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Trieb" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…S.フロイトのいう二大本能〈性本能〉と〈自己保存本能〉ないし〈生の本能〉と〈死の本能〉はこの系列に属するものである。英語ではinstinctが使われるが,もともとフロイトはドイツ語のTriebを使っていたので,この場合はむしろ衝動ないし欲動と訳すのが適切であろう。 一方,それとは別に,必ずしも生物に限らず自然が人知を越えたふるまいをすることに対して,その理由づけとして〈本能〉をもちだす用法があった。… 【欲動】より…S.フロイトによって用いられた精神分析的概念。本来ドイツ語のTriebの訳語であり,〈本能〉とも訳されているが,本能とは区別すべきである。フロイトは欲動を〈心的なものと身体的なものとの境界概念〉と述べ,心理学的な意識的体験としての〈欲求need〉や〈欲望desire〉に比して,生物学的な基盤を考慮した概念として用いる一方,〈本能〉よりは心理的な概念として用いている。… ※「Trieb」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
>>: tri-dhātu (English spelling)
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