…In modern times, the Thames in London was the birthplace of the tunnel, where a primitive shield (rectangular, 6.5m high, 10.8m wide, unpressurized air) developed by MI Brunel was used to complete a 460m-long underwater tunnel in 1843 after more than 20 years of work. In 1870, the first pressurized air shield tunnel, the Tower Subway, was built under the Thames. Conventional construction methods include the double-track railway tunnels under the Severn (Bristol-Newport) and the Mersey (Liverpool-Birkenhead), completed in 1886. *Some of the terminology that refers to "Tower Subway" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…近代になってからはロンドンのテムズ川が発祥の地で,M.I.ブルネルの開発した原始的なシールド(高さ6.5m,幅10.8mの長方形,無圧気)を用い,20年余りの歳月をかけて,1843年に水底部延長460mの河底トンネルが完成した。次いで70年には同じくテムズ川の河底に最初の圧気シールドによる地下道〈Tower Subway〉が作られている。普通工法によるものは,86年完成のセバーン川(ブリストル~ニューポート)とマージー川(リバプール~バーケンヘッド)の複線型鉄道トンネルがある。… ※「Tower Subway」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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