Physiologically, it is called an exteroceptive reflex. Receptors for physical and chemical stimuli that come into contact with the body (touch, pressure, warmth, cold, and pain receptors in the skin and mucous membranes, and taste receptors in the taste buds) are called contact receptors, while receptors for stimuli from distant objects (photoreceptors in the retina, sound receptors in the inner ear, and olfactory receptors in the olfactory epithelium) are called distance receptors; these two together are called exteroceptors. Reflexes induced by appropriate stimuli to the exteroceptors are called exteroceptive reflexes. An example is the pupillary light reflex, in which the pupil dilates or constricts depending on the amount of light. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
生理学的には外受容反射という。生体に接触する物理的,化学的な刺激の受容器(皮膚,粘膜にある触・圧・温・冷・痛覚の受容器および味蕾(みらい)にある味の受容器)を接触受容器,遠隔の物体からの刺激の受容器(網膜の光受容器,内耳にある音受容器および嗅(きゆう)上皮にある嗅受容器)を遠隔受容器といい,この両者を合わせて外受容器という。外受容器に対する適当な刺激によって誘発される反射を外受容性反射という。光量によって瞳孔が広がったり縮小する瞳孔の光反射などがその例である。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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