...From atmospheric pressure to roughly 10 2 Pa (about 1 Torr), manometers, which put liquid into a U-tube and read the pressure from the difference in the height of the liquid, and vacuum gauges that read the internal and external pressure difference from the amount of elastic deformation of a Bourdon tube are commonly used. Below this pressure range (medium and high vacuum range), direct measurement of pressure is not easy, so McLeod gauges, which involve compressing the gas, and vacuum gauges that indirectly determine pressure by measuring other physical quantities that are functionally related to the gas pressure, such as molecular density, incidence frequency, viscosity, and thermal conductivity, are used. The main vacuum gauges actually used are shown in the table below. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "McLeod gauge" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 大気圧から,だいたい102Pa(約1Torr)までは,U字管に液体を入れてその液面の高さの差から圧力を読みとるマノメーターmanometerや,ブルドン管などの弾性変形量から内外圧力差を読みとる真空計が多く使われる。これ以下の圧力領域(中・高真空領域)では,圧力の直接測定は容易でなく,気体の圧縮操作を介在させたマクラウド真空計McLeod gaugeや,気体の圧力と関数関係にある他の物理量,例えば分子密度,入射頻度,粘度,熱伝導度などの測定から圧力を間接的に求める真空計による。実際に使用されている主要な真空計を表に掲げる。… ※「McLeod gauge」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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