River Water Control Project

Japanese: 河水統制事業 - かすいとうせいじぎょう
River Water Control Project

...Especially in the decade or so after World War II, the country suffered from major floods almost every year and also suffered from food crises and energy shortages, so comprehensive river development was a top priority in national land development. The beginnings of comprehensive river development in Japan can be seen in the River Water Control Project, which began in 1938. In response to the advances in dam technology at the end of the Taisho period, the appearance of power-generating dams and proposals for flood-regulating dams emerged, and in response to these, the project was started with the aim of comprehensively implementing water flow control using dams. It is believed that the development philosophy was heavily influenced by the TVA, which was launched in the United States in 1933.

From [Flood Control]

…In response to this, construction of the Isori Dam was started in Japan as part of the Kinugawa River Improvement Project, but due to difficulties caused by a large fault, the project was halted midway through in 1933 and was never realized. From around 1939, several dam plans were implemented under the name of the River Water Control Project, with the main purpose of flood control. A typical example is the Sagami Dam on the Sagami River, which was started in 1938. …

*Some of the terms mentioned in the "River Water Control Project" are explained below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…とくに第2次世界大戦後の十数年間は,毎年のように大水害に見舞われ,かつ食糧危機やエネルギー不足に悩んでいたため,河川総合開発は国土開発における最重点課題であった。日本における河川総合開発のはしりは,すでに1938年に始まった河水統制事業に見ることができる。大正末期にダム技術の進歩に呼応して,発電ダムの出現,洪水調節ダムの提案があり,それらを受けてダムによる流水制御を総合的に施行しようとして開始されたもので,その開発思想としては,33年にアメリカ合衆国で開始されたTVAの影響も強かったと推察される。…

【治水】より

…これを受けて,日本でも,鬼怒川改修工事の一環として五十里ダムの建設に着手したが,大断層ゆえに難航し,1933年工事半ばに中止され実現はしなかった。39年ころからは,河水統制事業の名のもとに,洪水調節を主目的とするいくつかのダム計画が実施された。その典型例は1938年に着手された相模川の相模ダムである。…

※「河水統制事業」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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