In a reaction of a cyclic compound, the ring is cleaved and changes into a chain compound. Six-membered rings are the most stable of all cyclic compounds, but larger or smaller rings are unstable. Smaller rings are especially prone to ring opening. For example, cyclopropane reacts easily with sulfuric acid to open the ring and become propyl alcohol. This is because the cyclopropane ring is unstable due to ring distortion; cyclohexane, which has a six-membered ring, is stable and does not undergo such a cleavage reaction. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
環式化合物の反応において,環が開裂して鎖式化合物に変化すること。環式化合物のうちで6員環が最も安定であるが,それより大きくても小さくても不安定となる。とくに環が小さくなると,開環を起こしやすくなる傾向がある。たとえば,シクロプロパンは硫酸と容易に反応して開環し,プロピルアルコールとなる。これはシクロプロパン環が環のひずみによって不安定になっているためであり,6員環のシクロヘキサンでは安定なためにこのような開裂反応は起こさない。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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