...In the 18th and 19th centuries, the game's character as a game for the royal court and nobility faded, and it spread among the middle classes, developing rapidly, and by the 20th century it had spread worldwide. Famous geniuses in the game's history include Paul Morphy (1837-84) from the United States, José Raúl Capablanca (1888-1947) from Cuba, Alexander Alekhine (1892-1946) from Russia, and Robert James (Bobby) Fischer (1943- ). In 1924, the Fédération internationale des échecs (FIDE) was founded, and its member countries reached 119, including Japan (1983). ... *Some of the terminology referenced in "Morphy, P." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…18~19世紀になると,それまでの宮廷・貴族の遊びとしての色彩が薄れ,市民階層の間に広まり,急速な発展をみせ,20世紀に入ると世界的規模で普及した。史上,アメリカのモーフィーPaul Morphy(1837‐84),キューバのカパブランカJosé Raúl Capablanca(1888‐1947),ロシア出身フランス人のアレキンAlexander Alekhine(1892‐1946),アメリカのフィッシャーRobert James (Bobby) Fischer(1943‐ )らの天才が名高い。 1924年に世界チェス連盟Fédération internationale des échecs(FIDE)が設立され,加盟国は日本を含め119ヵ国に達する(1983)。… ※「Morphy,P.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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