…There are some significant differences in the trends and levels of birth rates in developed countries, but the basic characteristic is that they have reached historically unprecedented lows. Let us consider this trend more accurately using the total fertility rate (the average number of children a woman will have in her lifetime), gross reproduction rate (the average number of girls a woman will have in her lifetime), and net reproduction rate (the gross reproduction rate minus the number of girls who die). If the total fertility rate, which indicates the average number of children born per woman (or per couple), is 2, then two couples will have two children, meaning that generations will be roughly maintained. … *Some of the terminology used in reference to "net reproduction rate" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 先進諸国の出生率の動向と水準には,かなり著しい差異がみとめられるが,基本的な特徴は歴史上かつてない低水準を達成しているということである。そのような傾向を,より正確に人口の再生産をあらわす合計特殊出生率total fertility rate(1人の女子が生涯に産む平均子ども数),総再生産率gross reproduction rate(1人の女子が生涯に産む平均女児数),純再生産率net reproduction rate(総再生産率から,死亡する女児を差し引いたもの)によって考察してみよう。 女子1人当り(あるいは夫婦当り)の平均出生子ども数をあらわす合計特殊出生率が2である場合は,夫婦2人から子ども2人ということで世代がほぼ維持されることになる。… ※「net reproduction rate」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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