non-Darwinian evolution

Japanese: non-Darwinian evolution(英語表記)nonDarwinianevolution
non-Darwinian evolution

...The theory proposed by Kimura Motoo (1968), JL King and TH Jukes (1969) that evolution, i.e., most substitutions, do not occur through natural selection, but through the accumulation and fixation of neutral mutations in populations that are neither advantageous nor disadvantageous to selection through random drift. This is the neutral theory, and King et al. also used the term non-Darwinian evolution. The historical background to the emergence of this theory was the development of molecular genetics, as well as the fact that a large number of polymorphic isozyme mutations had been found in population genetics at the time, which contradicted the previous theory of genetic load. The neutral theory provided an explanation that these polymorphisms could also be maintained through neutral mutations and random drift. ...

*Some of the terminology that refers to "non-Darwinian evolution" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…この分子進化の機構として進化,つまり置換の大部分は自然淘汰によってではなく,淘汰に有利でも不利でもない中立の突然変異が機会的浮動によって集団中に蓄積,固定することによって起こるという説が木村資生(1968),J.L.キングとT.H.ジュークス(1969)によって提唱された。これが中立説であり,キングらはnon‐Darwinian evolutionという語句も用いた。この説が起こってきた歴史的背景には,分子遺伝学の発達のほかに,当時集団遺伝学でそれまでの遺伝的荷重の理論と相反するほど多量の多型的なアイソザイム変異が見つかってきていたという事実もあり,中立説はそれら多型も,中立突然変異と機会的浮動によって維持されうるという説明を与えるものであった。…

※「non-Darwinian evolution」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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