… Secondly, from the viewpoint of social background, Kabuki originated as an art for townspeople, whereas opera was an aristocratic art from its inception. The Italian opera seria (serious opera) and the French tragedie lyrique (lyric tragedy) that followed in its footsteps developed in association with the upper and ruling classes of society, while maintaining a high level of formal beauty in the height of classical elegance. In contrast, from the 18th century onwards, opera buffa (meaning clown opera) in Italy, opéra comique (comic opera, later meaning opera with dialogue) in France, ballad opera (popular opera) in England, and Singspiel (musical drama) in Germany, types of opera with a stronger popular character emerged, but what they all had in common was a spirit of parody and a reaction against the aristocracy and formal style of serious opera and lyric tragedy. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "opera seria" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 第2に,社会的な背景から眺めた場合,歌舞伎はそもそも町人の芸術として興ったが,オペラは発生の時点からして貴族的な芸術であった。その流れを汲むイタリアのオペラ・セーリアopera seria(正歌劇)やフランスのトラジェディ・リリックtragédie lyrique(抒情悲劇)は,古典的な格調の高さにおいて高度の様式美を維持しながら,社会の上層部,支配階級と結びついて発展した。18世紀以降は,これに対して,イタリアではオペラ・ブッファopera buffa(道化オペラの意),フランスではオペラ・コミックopéra comique(喜歌劇,のちにはせりふを含むオペラを意味する),イギリスではバラッド・オペラballad opera(俗謡オペラ),ドイツではジングシュピールSingspiel(歌芝居)など,より庶民的な性格の強いオペラのタイプが興ったが,それらに共通するのは,正歌劇や抒情悲劇の貴族性と形式ばった様式に対する反動とパロディの精神であった。… ※「opera seria」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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