...Attempts to concentrate and separate the heavy alkali metal element (atomic number 87), which should be placed below cesium as ekacesium, from natural cesium compounds have been made for a long time, and names such as virginium, moldavium, and alkalinium have been given to it as the successful discovery of stable isotopes, but later research has shown that all of these names are incorrect and have been rejected. In 1939, M. Perey (1909-75) of France confirmed the decay of purified samples of the 89th element, actinium, by emitting α particles, and further confirmed that the decay product is a β - emitter, which does not co-precipitate with sparingly soluble salts of barium (II), lead (II), or cerium (IV), but does coprecipitate well with sparingly soluble salts of cesium (I). Based on this property and the results of radioactivity measurements, he revealed the branched decay shown in the following formula, proving the existence of the 87th element. (Chemical formula) The 87th element was named francium after its discoverer's native France. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Perey, M." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…いわゆるエカセシウムekacesiumとしてセシウムの下に位置すべき重アルカリ金属元素(原子番号87)を天然のセシウム化合物から濃縮分離しようとする試みは古くから行われ,安定同位体の発見に成功したとして,バージニウムvirginium,モルダビウムmoldavium,アルカリニウムalkaliniumなどの名称が与えられたことがあるが,これらは後の研究によってすべて誤りであることが判明し,否定された。1939年フランスのプレーM.Perey(1909‐75)が,89番元素アクチニウムの精製試料について,α粒子の放出による崩壊を確かめ,さらにその崩壊生成物がβ-放射体であり,バリウム(II),鉛(II),セリウム(IV)の難溶性塩とは共沈しないが,セシウム(I)の難溶性塩とはよく共沈することを確認し,この性質と放射能測定の結果から下式のような分岐崩壊を明らかにして,87番元素の存在を証明した。(化学式)この87番元素は,発見者の生国フランスにちなんでフランシウムと命名された。… ※「Perey,M.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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