Phenomena

Japanese: phenakisticope
Phenomena

…Shadow puppet theaters were also all the rage in the 17th century. In 1832, Belgian physicist J. Plateau invented the phenakistiscope, German scientist von Stamper invented the stroboscope, and the following year, British mathematician WG Horner invented the zoetrope, which exploited the phenomenon of persistent images on the retina (thaumatrope and Faraday's wheel, toys based on the principle of optical illusions, had already been invented in the 1820s). These toys were popular as science toys from the 1850s to the 1860s. In 1851, French poet Baudelaire wrote the following about one of these science toys, the phenakistiscope, as if he had foreseen the coming of film: …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "phenakisticope" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…17世紀には〈影絵劇場〉も大流行した。1832年,ベルギーの物理学者J.プラトーのフェナキスティコープphenakisticope(あるいはフェナキストスコープphenakistoscope),ドイツの科学者フォン・シュタンパーのストロボスコープstroboscope,次いで翌33年にはイギリスの数学者W.G.ホーナーのゾーエトロープzoetropeといった網膜の残像現象を利用した装置が発明され(すでに1820年代からソーマトロープthaumatropeや〈ファラデーの車輪〉などの錯視の原理による玩具が発明されていたが),50年代から60年代にかけて科学玩具としてもてはやされた。フランスの詩人ボードレールは,51年にこれらの科学玩具の一つフェナキスティコープについて次のように書き,きたるべき映画を予知しているかのようである。…

※「phenakisticope」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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