Yoshitane Ashikaga

Japanese: 足利義稙 - あしかが・よしたね

Year of death: 4/7/1523 (5/21/1523)
Year of birth: 1466.9.9 (Bunsho 1.7.30)
The 10th Shogun of the Muromachi Shogunate. He was the eldest son of Yoshimi, the younger brother of Ashikaga Yoshimasa. His mother was the daughter of Hino Masamitsu. After Yoshimasa's death in January 1490, he was recommended by Hino Tomiko and appointed Shogun in July of the same year (first as Nobizai, later as Yoshitada and Yoshitane). Following the wishes of the previous Shogun, Ashikaga Yoshihisa, he attempted to strengthen the Shogun's personal discretion, and in August 1493, he raised an army to conquer the Rokkaku clan in Omi, and by the end of the following year, he had almost completely conquered Omi and returned in triumph. In February 1493, he marched to Kawachi to defeat Hatakeyama Motoie. However, Hosokawa Masamoto, who aspired to make the Shogunate a dictatorship, allied with Tomiko and plotted to depose Yoshitane (the Meiō Coup), and Yoshitane was taken prisoner in Kawachi and fled to Echizen in June of the same year. In the same year, he attempted to retake Kyoto with the help of the Asakura clan and others, but was unsuccessful and fled to Yamaguchi, Suo, relying on Ouchi Yoshioki. In June 1507, he took advantage of the assassination of Masamoto and began to march east with the help of Yoshioki, pursuing the Shogun Ashikaga Yoshizumi, who had been supported by Masamoto, and allied with Hosokawa Takakuni, recovering Kyoto and being reappointed Shogun. This government was a joint government of the Ouchi and Hosokawa, but in the 15th year of the same year, a conflict arose with Takakuni when Yoshioki returned to Japan, and he fled Kyoto in 1521. He died in exile in Awa without being able to regain power, and was called the "Island Shogun" or the "Flowing Shogun." He attempted to restore the Shogun's authority in opposition to the Hosokawa clan becoming a Sengoku daimyo, but was unsuccessful, and he became a wandering Shogun.

(Akira Imaya)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：大永3.4.7(1523.5.21)
生年：文正1.7.30(1466.9.9)
室町幕府第10代将軍。足利義政の弟義視の嫡男。母は日野政光の娘。延徳2(1490)年1月義政の死後,日野富子の推挙で同年7月将軍に任官(初名義材,のち義尹,義稙)。前将軍足利義尚の遺志を継ぎ将軍親裁権の強化を企て,同3年8月近江六角氏征討の軍を起こし翌年末までにほぼ近江を制圧して凱旋,明応2(1493)年2月には畠山基家を討つための河内出陣を敢行した。しかし幕政の専制化を志す細川政元は富子と結んで義稙の廃立を企て(明応の政変),義稙は河内で虜囚となり,同年6月越中に逃亡した。同7年朝倉氏らの援助で京都奪回を図るも果たさず周防山口に亡命,大内義興を頼った。永正4(1507)年6月,政元の暗殺を奇貨として義興の援助で東上を開始,政元の擁立した将軍足利義澄を追い細川高国と結んで京都を回復し将軍に再任された。この政権は大内,細川の連合政権であったが,同15年義興が帰国したことで高国との対立が生じ,大永1(1521)年京都を出奔。政権回復を果たせないまま阿波で客死,「島の公方」「流れ公方」と呼ばれた。細川氏の戦国大名化に抗して将軍権威の復興を図るも成功せず,将軍流浪現象を演じた。

(今谷明)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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