Possession

Japanese: possessio
Possession

...When possession is viewed from the perspective of the legal basis of such an effect, such as the ability of a possessor to remove the obstruction of possession, it is called the right of possession. Historically, it comes from possession (Latin) as de facto control over the conceptual ownership in Roman law, and Gewere (German) in Germanic law, which sees real rights under de facto control. Possession is defined as the state of de facto control over an object, but possession may be recognized even when the object is not directly in possession.

From 【Chigyo】

…Incidentally, in modern law, there are conflicting claims such as, "A is not the owner (even though he is in possession), I, B, am the owner" or "No, I, A, am the owner." In such cases, the "reason to exercise possession" is similar to the "right (principal or title) to possess (to make possession legitimate)" in modern law, so to that extent, the theory that "treaty" is a concept similar to possession seems to be valid. However, "reason" is the fact that is the cause of acquiring tenure (sale, exchange, inheritance, etc.), not a right. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "possessio" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…そして占有者は占有を妨害されたときはこれを排除しうるとするように,占有をそのような効果の法的な根拠としての側面からみるとき,これを占有権とよんでいる。沿革的には,ローマ法の観念的な所有権に対する事実的支配としてのポセシオpossessio(ラテン語)および物権を事実的支配の下にみるゲルマン法のゲベーレGewere(ドイツ語)に由来している。 占有は物の事実的な支配状態と定義されているが,物を直接に所持していない場合にも占有が認められる場合がある。…

【知行】より

…ちなみに近代法においては,〈Aは(占有しているが)所有権者ではない,自分Bこそが所有権者である〉〈いや,自分Aこそが所有権者である〉という形の主張が対立することになる。このような場合の〈知行すべき由緒〉は,近代法の〈占有すべき(占有を正当ならしめる)権利(本権ないし権原)〉と似ているので,その限りで〈知行〉は占有possessioに類似の概念だとする学説が成り立ちそうにみえる。しかし,〈由緒〉は知行の取得原因たる事実(売買,交換,相続,等々)であって,権利ではない。…

※「possessio」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

<<:  Positivität (English spelling)

>>:  possessionnye krest'yane (English spelling)

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