Private carrier

Japanese: private carrier（英語表記）privatecarrier

…
[Transportation management system and freight rates]
If today's railroads are a representative transportation facility that combines the three elements of transportation to produce comprehensive transportation services, today's expressways (toll roads) are typical passage companies, and the maritime, air, and automobile transportation industries are typical transportation industries that produce transportation services in the narrow sense. These transportation industries in the narrow sense are generally classified into three types of management: private carriers, contract carriers, and public carriers. Private carriers are so-called personal transportation, and in this case, transportation costs are incurred, but there is no fare as a transportation price.

From the Shipping Industry

…
[Establishment and role]
Shipping has a long history, but it was only in the 19th century that common carriers, shipping businesses that specialize in the transportation of goods to others based on today's shipping market transactions, came to dominate shipping. Until then, shipping was a form of self-transportation (private carriers), where merchants owned and operated ships to transport their own goods to be sold and bought at the markets of the loading and unloading areas. In other words, shipping up until that point was dominated by merchant carriers, whose ships were owned and operated by merchants as a means of transporting goods for their trade, and shipping was included in and integrated with trade, and was in a stage where it was not differentiated from trade. …

From 【Transportation】

...With the development of economic activity, the scope of industrial carriers is expanding, including tankers, tank cars (railroad freight cars, trucks), car carriers, and car carriers. The trend of moving from common carriers for shared use to industrial carriers for private, dedicated transport will lead to the expansion of so-called personal cars and private carriers. In the past, people were self-sufficient in many of the necessities of life, such as food, clothing, and shelter, but now, with the spread of the market economy, it has become normal to depend almost entirely on the supplies of others.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "private carrier" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…
［運送経営形態と運賃］
　今日の鉄道が，交通機関の3要素を結合して総合的な交通サービスを生産する代表的な交通機関であるとすれば，今日の高速(有料)自動車道は典型的な通路会社であり，また海上運送業，航空運送業および自動車運送業は典型的な狭義の交通サービスを生産する運送業である。これら狭義の運送業は一般に，私的運送業(者)private carrier，契約運送業contract carrierおよび公共運送業public carrierの3種の経営形態に分類される。私的運送業(者)はいわゆる自家用運送であり，この場合，運送費は発生するが，運送価格としての運賃は存在しない。…

【海運業】より

…
［成立と役割］
　海運は古い歴史を有するが，今日の海運市場取引に基づくいわゆる他人運送を専業とする海運業(コモン･キャリアcommon carrier)が海運に支配的地位を占めるようになったのは，19世紀を迎えてからのことである。それまでの海運は，商人が積卸地の市場で売買する自己の商品を輸送するために船舶を所有し運航するという自己運送形態(プライベート･キャリアprivate carrier)にあった。つまり，それまでの海運は，商人の運送貿易の手段として商人によって船舶が所有され運航されていた，いわゆるマーチャント･キャリアmerchant carrier(商人船主)に支配され，海運は貿易の中に含まれて一体化し，貿易と未分化の段階にあった。…

【交通】より

…タンカー，タンク車(鉄道貨車，トラック)，自動車運搬車，自動車専用船など，経済活動の発展に伴って，インダストリアル･キャリアの活動領域は拡大している。共同利用のコモン･キャリアから，私的な専用輸送であるインダストリアル･キャリアへ移っていく傾向は，さらに進むと，いわゆるマイカー，プライベート･キャリアprivate carrierの拡大を生む。衣食住などの生活必需品についてみれば，かつてその多くを自給自足に頼っていたが，市場経済の普及した現在では，ほとんどすべて他者の供給に依存するのが通常の状態になった。…

※「private carrier」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

<<: Private branch exchange

>>: Private goods (English)