Psychiatry

Japanese: psychiatry
Psychiatry

…Psychiatry is, as the name suggests, the science of the mind, that is, a branch of medicine that aims to recognize and treat mental abnormalities or pathological conditions (mental illnesses). This seems clear from the fact that the German word Psychiatrie and the English word psychiatry, which correspond to psychiatry, are derived from the Greek words psychē (mind) and iatreuō (to heal). However, this was not the case originally. When the German physician JC Reil first used the word Psychiatrie in his book Contributions to the Promotion of Mental Therapy (1808), it certainly meant not "to heal the mind" but "to heal with the mind." In other words, Psychiatrie was a form of mental therapy that should be applied not only to mental illnesses but also to all physical illnesses. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "psychiatry" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…精神医学とは,読んで字のごとく,精神の医学,つまり精神の異常ないし病的状態(精神病)に対する認識と治療をめざす医学の一分野である。このことは,精神医学にあたるドイツ語のPsychiatrie,英語のpsychiatryなどが,ギリシア語のpsychē(精神)+iatreuō(癒(い)やす)に由来するという事情に照らしても明らかなようにみえる。しかし,元来はそうでなく,ドイツの医学者ライルJ.C.Reilがその著書《精神的治療法の促進に対する寄与》(1808)ではじめてPsychiatrieという語を使った当時は,〈精神を癒やす〉のではなく〈精神で癒やす〉という意味だったことが確かで,つまり,精神の病気だけでなくすべての身体疾患にも適用しなければならない精神治療術ともいうべきものがPsychiatrieだったのである。…

※「psychiatry」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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