Quasimodo

...Hunchbacks are a typical example of this condition, with the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae swelling up at the transition point, and pigeon chest is often present. The 13th daughter (Jusan no Kimi) in the Shin Sarugaku-ki, written by Fujiwara no Akihira, is considered an example of this condition ("Hunchbacks are hunchbacks and have dove chests"), and Quasimodo in Notre Dame de Paris by V. Hugo has a congenital deformity and a rachitic deformity. Other examples of hunchbacks include senile kyphosis, in which the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae bend in a bow shape with age, and kyphosis angulata, in which one or two vertebrae are destroyed by tuberculosis or a fracture, forming a wedge shape, and the spinous processes of the vertebrae protrude backwards in a horn-like shape.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Quasimodo" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…胸椎と腰椎の移行部が盛り上がるくる(佝僂)病性円背(〈佝〉も〈僂〉も〈せむし〉の意)がその典型で，鳩胸を合併する場合が少なくない。藤原明衡の作とされる《新猿楽記》の13番目の娘(十三の君)はこの例と考えられ(〈偊僂（くぐせ）にして鴒胸（はとむね）なり〉)，V.ユゴーの《ノートル･ダム･ド･パリ》のカジモドQuasimodoは先天性奇形にくる病性変形が加わっている。せむしにはこのほかに加齢とともに胸椎と腰椎が弓状に曲がる老人性円背，結核や骨折により1～2個の脊椎骨椎体が破壊されてくさび状となり，その部の脊椎棘突起（きよくとつき）が角状に後方へ突出する角状突背も含まれる。…

※「Quasimodo」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報