Reuleaux, F.

Japanese: Reuleaux,F.(英語表記)ReuleauxF
Reuleaux, F.

…In general, this differentiation and recombination through mediation has been the direction of mechanical development, as seen in the transfer machine in which specialized machine tools are recombined by a conveyor, and in the Watt steam engine, which was characterized by condensing steam in a separate condenser rather than in a cylinder. The traditional definition of a machine is that of Franz Reuleaux (1829-1905) (1873), which states that a machine is a combination of objects with resistance, arranged in such a way that the various mechanical forces provided by nature can be forced to perform a certain motion, but this century-old concept of a machine is changing. A transmission mechanism consisting of an arrangement of objects with resistance has many limitations in terms of both power control and work control, and fluid couplings have since appeared, and above all, electricity has been used as a freely controllable transmission mechanism since the end of the 19th century, and it has become common to directly connect the prime mover to a generator and control the power of various machines, including machine tools, by using electricity. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Reuleaux, F." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…一般にこの分化と媒介による再結合が機械発達の方向をもなしており,専門化された工作機械がコンベヤで再結合されるトランスファーマシンもそうであるし,ワットの蒸気機関の特徴が蒸気の凝縮をシリンダー内でなく分離した復水器の中で行わせることにあったこともその現れである。 機械の定義として伝統的に〈機械とは抵抗を有する物体の組合せであって,それによって自然界の提供する各種の力学的な力に一定の運動をさせるよう作業を強制しうる配置を持ったものである〉というリューローFranz Reuleaux(1829‐1905)の規定(1873)が行われてきているが,この100年前の機械概念は変わりつつある。抵抗を有する物体の配置から成る伝動機構は動力の制御においても作業の制御においても多くの制限を持っており,その後流体継手も登場したし,何よりも19世紀末からは自在に制御しうる伝動機構として電気が用いられるようになり,工作機械をはじめとする諸機械において,原動機を発電機に直結して電力によって動力を制御することが一般的になった。…

※「Reuleaux,F.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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