Growth curve

Japanese: 成長曲線 - せいちょうきょくせん
Growth curve

A growth curve is a graph that measures the amount of growth of an individual organism or organ, or of a group (population) over time, and plots the amount of growth on the vertical axis against time on the horizontal axis. The most typical growth curve is the S-shaped so-called sigmoid curve (in plant growth, it is also called a logistic curve or autocatalytic reaction curve), and the proliferation of bacteria, for example, shows this type of growth curve. Sigmoid growth consists of three phases: an initial phase of slowly increasing growth, followed by a phase of rapid growth, and finally a gradual decline in growth until it stops.

If a logistic curve is symmetrical above and below the inflection point (the transition point between the increasing and decreasing growth phases), it can be expressed by the following equation.


G is the maximum growth amount, g is the growth amount in time t, and ti is the time when g becomes exactly half of G.

Growth can also show a Gompertz curve or a monomolecular curve. When there is no upper limit to growth, such as the growth of the apex of a tree, it shows a linearly increasing parabolic curve or an exponential curve.

[Masayuki Katsumi]

Growth curve patterns
©Shogakukan ">

Growth curve patterns


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

生物の個体や器官の成長量、あるいは群(集団)の成長量を経時的に測定し、横軸に時間、縦軸に成長量をとってグラフで表したものをいう。もっとも典型的な成長曲線は、S字状をしたいわゆるシグモイド曲線(植物成長では、ロジスティック曲線あるいは自己触媒反応曲線ともよばれる)で、バクテリアの増殖などはこのような成長曲線を示す。シグモイド型の成長は、初めに緩やかに増加する成長の相があり、ついで、急速に成長する相を経て、終わりは徐々に成長が低下して、停止に至る三つの相から成り立っている。

 ロジスティック曲線で、変曲点(成長が増加する相と低下する相の移行点)において上下対称となる場合は、次式で表すことができる。


Gは最大成長量、gはt時間の成長量、tiはgがGのちょうど半分になる時間である。

 成長には、このほか、ゴンペルツ曲線、モノモレキュラー曲線を示すものもある。樹木の茎頂の成長のように、成長に上限がない場合は、直線的に増加するパラボラ曲線、または指数関数曲線を示す。

[勝見允行]

成長曲線のパターン
©Shogakukan">

成長曲線のパターン


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