A growth curve is a graph that measures the amount of growth of an individual organism or organ, or of a group (population) over time, and plots the amount of growth on the vertical axis against time on the horizontal axis. The most typical growth curve is the S-shaped so-called sigmoid curve (in plant growth, it is also called a logistic curve or autocatalytic reaction curve), and the proliferation of bacteria, for example, shows this type of growth curve. Sigmoid growth consists of three phases: an initial phase of slowly increasing growth, followed by a phase of rapid growth, and finally a gradual decline in growth until it stops. If a logistic curve is symmetrical above and below the inflection point (the transition point between the increasing and decreasing growth phases), it can be expressed by the following equation.
Growth can also show a Gompertz curve or a monomolecular curve. When there is no upper limit to growth, such as the growth of the apex of a tree, it shows a linearly increasing parabolic curve or an exponential curve. [Masayuki Katsumi] ©Shogakukan "> Growth curve patterns Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
生物の個体や器官の成長量、あるいは群(集団)の成長量を経時的に測定し、横軸に時間、縦軸に成長量をとってグラフで表したものをいう。もっとも典型的な成長曲線は、S字状をしたいわゆるシグモイド曲線(植物成長では、ロジスティック曲線あるいは自己触媒反応曲線ともよばれる)で、バクテリアの増殖などはこのような成長曲線を示す。シグモイド型の成長は、初めに緩やかに増加する成長の相があり、ついで、急速に成長する相を経て、終わりは徐々に成長が低下して、停止に至る三つの相から成り立っている。 ロジスティック曲線で、変曲点(成長が増加する相と低下する相の移行点)において上下対称となる場合は、次式で表すことができる。
成長には、このほか、ゴンペルツ曲線、モノモレキュラー曲線を示すものもある。樹木の茎頂の成長のように、成長に上限がない場合は、直線的に増加するパラボラ曲線、または指数関数曲線を示す。 [勝見允行] ©Shogakukan"> 成長曲線のパターン 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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