Mount Daitenjo

A mountain in the southeastern part of the Northern Alps, in western Nagano Prefecture. It is 2,922 meters above sea level. Together with Tsubakuro-dake in the north and Jonen-dake in the south, it forms the main peak of the Jonen Mountains. It faces the Matsumoto Basin and is the foreland of Mt. Yari-ga-take and the Hotaka mountain range. When viewed from Mt. Tsubakuro-dake, Mt. Daitenjo has a majestic shape resembling a castle tower. On drawings from the Edo period, it is written as Shinmei-dake. It is said that the name of the mountain was given because it is as high as a ceiling, or that it is a corrupted version of the name Otensho, or Otenjo, which was given to the mountain at the end of the Meiji period. The mountain is made of biotite granite, and the view from the summit of the mountain of the entire Northern Alps, the Southern Alps, and the Yatsugatake mountain range is magnificent. The most common route is to leave Nakabusa Onsen on the northeastern foot of the mountain and follow the ridge from Mt. Tsubakuro and Tsubakuro Sanso. It is also a traverse route to Mt. Yari, and the Jonen Mountains are also known as the front Ginza of the Alps. The Kisaku Shindo trail, which leads directly from Mt. Daitenjo to Mt. Yari, was opened in 1922 (Taisho 11) by the famous guide Kobayashi Kisaku, and there is a relief of Kisaku on the rock face of the cut.

[Hiroyoshi Kobayashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

長野県西部、北アルプスの南東部にある山。標高2922メートル。北部の燕岳(つばくろだけ)、南部の常念岳(じょうねんだけ)とともに常念山脈の主峰をなす。松本盆地に臨み、槍ヶ岳(やりがたけ)、穂高(ほたか)連峰の前山にあたる。燕岳から眺める大天井岳は天守閣のような雄大な山容を示す。江戸時代の絵図には神明岳と書かれている。山名は天井のように高いというところから名づけられたとも、明治末期の呼び名御天照(おてんしょう)、御天上からの転訛(てんか)ともいわれる。山体は黒雲母花崗(くろうんもかこう)岩からなり、山頂からの北アルプスの全容や、南アルプス、八ヶ岳(やつがたけ)連峰などの展望はすばらしい。北東麓(ろく)の中房(なかぶさ)温泉を出発して燕岳・燕山荘から稜線(りょうせん)沿いをとる経路が一般的。槍ヶ岳への縦走路にもあたり、常念山脈はアルプスの表銀座ともいわれる。なお、大天井岳から直接槍ヶ岳へ至る喜作新道(きさくしんどう)は、1922年（大正11）に名案内人小林喜作が開いたもので、切り通しの岩盤に喜作のレリーフがある。

［小林寛義］

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