...The counter-reaction was fierce, and after the February Revolution (1848) the Salon was not judged, and the following year, jury members who were sympathetic to the revolution were selected, but with Napoleon III's accession to power the movement reverted to a conservative tendency. The 1863 Salon was harsh, rejecting 3,000 works out of 5,000 submitted (4,000 had been selected in the previous Salon). On the advice of Napoleon III, the Salon des refusés (in which Manet, Pissarro, Fantin-Latour and others exhibited) was held, which resulted in increased criticism of the Salon. In 1874, the younger generation who had not been accepted into the Salon planned an Impressionist exhibition, and a series of independent factions were formed, including the Société des artistes français in 1881 and the Salon de la Société des artistes indépendants in 1884. From 【Art Exhibition】...Exhibiting at the Academy was a privilege reserved for members (or associate members), but this privilege was abolished immediately after the French Revolution, at the suggestion of J.L. David. In 1863, the Salon des refusés was held for those who had been rejected from the Salon. Later, in opposition to the public Salon, the Salon de la Société des artistes independents was organized in 1884, followed by the Salon d'automne (1903), the Salon des Tuilerie (1923), and other exhibitions, each with its own aesthetic agenda. ... *Some of the terms mentioned in "Salon des refusés" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…これに対する巻返しも激しく,二月革命(1848)後のサロンは無審査とし,翌年から革命側に好意的な人々を審査員に選ぶなどしたが,ナポレオン3世の政権獲得とともに再び保守的傾向に戻った。1863年のサロンは5000点の応募に対し3000点を落選させるという厳しいものであった(前回は4000点入選)ため,ナポレオン3世の助言で落選展Salon des refusés(マネ,ピサロ,ファンタン・ラトゥールらが出品)が行われ,結果としてサロン批判の声を高めることとなった。74年にはサロン入選を果たせない若い世代が印象派展を企画し,81年にはフランス芸術家協会Société des artistes français,84年にはアンデパンダン展Salon de la Société des artistes indépendantsなど,次々に独立分派活動が発足した。… 【美術展覧会】より…ここでは出品はアカデミー会員(または準会員)の特権となっていたが,フランス革命の直後J.L.ダビッドの提案でこの特権は廃止されることになった。1863年には,サロン落選者のための落選展Salon des refusésが開かれた。その後,この公的機関によるサロンに反対して84年にアンデパンダン展Salon de la Société des artistes indépendantsが組織されたのを初めとして,サロン・ドートンヌSalon d’automne(1903),サロン・デ・チュイルリーSalon des Tuilerie(1923)などがそれぞれの美学上の主張を掲げて組織されている。… ※「Salon des refusés」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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