Sarakēnoi (English spelling)

Japanese: Sarakēnoi(英語表記)Sarakenoi
Sarakēnoi (English spelling)

…the name used for Muslims in Europe, especially in the Middle Ages. It is derived from the Greek word Sarakēnoi and Latin word Saraceni, which the Greeks and Romans used to refer to Syria and the Arabian Peninsula. However, there are various theories about the origin of the word, such as from the Arabic words sharq (meaning "East") and ṣaḥrā' (meaning "Desert"), and there is no definitive answer. In his geography, Ptolemy, written in the 2nd century, uses the word Saracen to refer to Arabia.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Sarakēnoi" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…ヨーロッパの,とくに中世において用いられたイスラム教徒(ムスリム)に対する呼称。古くは,ギリシア人やローマ人が,シリアやアラビア半島のアラブをさして呼んだギリシア語のサラケノイSarakēnoi,ラテン語のサラケニSaraceniなどの語に由来するが,その語源はアラビア語のシャルクsharq(〈東〉の意),サフラーṣaḥrā’(〈砂漠〉の意)など諸説があり,定説はない。2世紀のプトレマイオスはその地理書で,サラセンの語を用いてアラブに言及している。…

※「Sarakēnoi」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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