Mittan

This four-and-a-half-mat daime tea room is connected to the shoin study at Ryukoin, a subtemple of Daitokuji Temple in Kyoto, and is said to have been the preference of Kobori Enshu. Originally it was a separate building with verandas on both sides. A daime-style tea ceremony seat has been added to the four-and-a-half-mat room, which is equipped with a toko (toko), staggered shelves, and shoin-doko (a study floor). The shoin-doko, commonly known as the Mitsuan-doko, is said to have been made to hang the calligraphy of the Zen master Mitsuan, which has been handed down from the temple, but it was once decorated with an attached shoin at tea ceremonies held by the monk Kogetsu Osho. The fascia boards of the staggered shelves feature openwork carvings of pine bark diamonds and Shippo-tsunagi, a design that Enshu was particularly fond of. The pillars are a mixture of bark, logs and square pillars, some of which are fitted with nageshi (rail-like beams) and nail covers, and the walls are pasted with ink paintings, so the design is based on Shoin-zukuri. However, the tea ceremony seat has a dropped ceiling, and the central pillar is made of cedar logs with kink marks, so the selection of materials and techniques gives it the feel of a hermitage. It has been designated a national treasure.

[Masaaki Nakamura]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

京都・大徳寺塔頭(たっちゅう)竜光院の書院に接続された四畳半台目(だいめ)の茶室で、小堀遠州の好みと伝えられる。当初は別棟で、二方に縁が巡っていた。床(とこ)、違い棚、書院床を備えた四畳半に、台目構えの点前座(てまえざ)が付加されている。世に密庵床として知られる書院床は、当院伝来の密庵禅師の墨蹟(ぼくせき)をかけるためにつくられたといわれるが、江月和尚(こうげつおしょう)の茶会ではここに付書院(つけしょいん)の飾りがなされていたことがあった。違い棚の幕板には、遠州得意の図案である松皮菱(びし)と七宝つなぎの透彫りがみられる。柱は、面皮、丸太、角柱を取り混ぜ、一部に長押(なげし)を取り付け、釘隠(くぎかくし)を打ち、壁は水墨画を描いた張付壁であるから、書院造の意匠を基調としている。ただ点前座は落天井とし、中柱には全体に釿(きん)目を施した杉丸太を用いるなど、用材と技法の選択を通じて草庵らしさを醸し出している。国宝に指定されている。

［中村昌生］

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