...Although the term is now used to refer to a political system in which national policies are decided by the recommendations of experts based on their specialized knowledge, it was originally a slogan for an ideological movement that exploded in popularity in the United States between 1932 and 1933. The term technocracy is said to have been coined by the American inventor William Smith, but the idea itself can be said to be a trend in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century. Its rise was against the backdrop of an increase in engineers' sense of self as professionals and the accumulation of achievements that increased engineers' self-esteem, including F.W. Taylor's "scientific management." *Some of the terminology that mentions "Smith, W. (inventor)" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…国家の政策が,専門家の専門知識にもとづく勧告によって決定されるような政治体制を指す言葉として,今日では使われているが,元来は,1932年から33年にかけてアメリカで爆発的に流行した思想運動のかかげたスローガンである。 テクノクラシーという言葉を考案したのは,アメリカの発明家スミスWilliam Smithであるとされているが,このように命名される思想自体は,20世紀初頭のアメリカの時代思潮であるといえる。その興隆は,技術者の専門職としての自己意識が高揚し,F.W.テーラーの〈科学的管理法〉をはじめ,技術者の自負心を高める成果が積み重ねられていったことを背景としていた。… ※「Smith,W.(発明家)」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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