...Because shape memory alloys have properties not found in conventional metals, they are being widely used as new functional materials in recent years, such as pipe joints, temperature sensors or temperature regulators, devices that convert thermal energy into mechanical energy (solid engines), and valves for artificial kidneys. Shape memory alloys have a rubber-like property in which, when heated above their transformation temperature, they return to their original shape simply by removing the stress without changing the temperature. This property is called superelasticity or pseudoelasticity (Figure). This is caused by stress-induced martensitic transformation when stress is applied and reverse transformation when the load is removed, and the superelastic strain can range from a few percent to as much as 20%. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "superelasticity" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…形状記憶合金は従来の金属にない性質をもった合金であるため,最近新しい機能性材料として,パイプの継手,温度感知器あるいは温度調節器,熱エネルギーの機械的エネルギーへの変換機(固体エンジン),人工腎臓用の弁等,幅広く利用されつつある。なお形状記憶合金には,変態温度以上に加熱した状態のもとでは温度を変えなくても応力を除荷するだけで元の形に戻ってしまうゴムのような性質があり,超弾性superelasticityあるいは擬弾性pseudoelasticityと呼ばれる(図)。これは応力負荷時の応力誘起マルテンサイト変態と除荷時の逆変態によって引き起こされるものであり,超弾性ひずみは数%から20%にも及ぶ。… ※「superelasticity」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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