Taizong - Taisou

The second emperor of the Song dynasty in China (reigned 976-997). His original name was Zhao Kuangyi, but he later changed his name to Guangyi to avoid Taizu's given name Kuangyin, and changed it to Kei when he ascended to the throne. He was the third son of Zhao Hongyin. He was Taizu's younger brother, but he ascended to the throne after Taizu's sudden death in 976, which led to many suspicions about his succession. He took over Taizu's unification project, annexed Wuyue, conquered Northern Han, and almost completed unification. On the strength of his momentum, he tried to recapture the so-called 16 prefectures of Yanyun, but was defeated. In domestic affairs, he expanded the civil service examination system and appointed many intellectuals to the bureaucracy, thoroughly implementing civil rule, and further centralizing power by revoking the privileges granted to border governors under Taizu. Another policy that differed from that of Taizu's time was the initiation of the compilation of extensive books such as "The Great Passage of the Great Peace."

[Masaaki Chikusa]

"Taizou and Taizong of the Song Dynasty" by Masaaki Chikusa (1975, Shimizu Shoin)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、宋(そう)の第2代皇帝（在位976～997）。初名は趙匡義(ちょうきょうぎ)、のち太祖の諱(いみな)匡胤(きょういん)を避けて光義となり、即位すると炅(けい)に改めた。趙弘殷(こういん)の第3子。太祖の実弟であるが、976年太祖の急死を受けて即位したので、後世、この継承問題はさまざまな疑惑をよんだ。太祖の統一事業を受け継ぎ、呉越(ごえつ)を併合し北漢(ほくかん)を征服してほぼ統一を完成、余勢を駆って、いわゆる燕雲(えんうん)十六州の奪回を試みたが敗北した。内政では、科挙制度を拡充して大量の知識人を官僚に登用して文治主義を徹底し、また、太祖のときには認められていた辺境の節度使に与えた特権も取り上げて、中央集権化をさらに進めた。『太平御覧』などの大部な書物の編纂(へんさん)事業を始めたことも、太祖時代とは異なる政策である。

［竺沙雅章］

『竺沙雅章著『宋の太祖と太宗』（1975・清水書院）』

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