…German panel painting developed in various ways in different regions, Prague and Vienna were influenced by Italy and adopted the International Gothic style, while the Cologne School emerged in the 14th century with its sweet style and produced great painters such as Lochner in the 15th century. The Hanseatic cities adopted a folkloric and straightforward style of painting, and from the 14th to the early 15th century, Meister Bertram von Minden (c. 1340-c. 1415) was famous in Hamburg, while Konrad von Soest (c. 1370-c. 1425) mixed in the style of the Cologne School, and Meister Francke was approaching the International Gothic style. In France and the Netherlands, at the beginning of the 15th century, the International Gothic style was brought to an end by artists such as Maluel, Broederlam, and the Limbourg brothers, who decorated the "Most Splendid Prayers of the Duke of Berry." Van Eyck then took his first steps toward a new modern style of painting, thoroughly embracing realism and establishing his own personal vision through oil painting (Great Altarpiece with the Mystic Lamb in the Saint-Baaf Church in Ghent, 1432). From [German Art]…The influence of the Sienese Martini, which reached Prague via Avignon in southern France, where the Papacy was located, became the basis of Bohemian painting in the second half of the 14th century, and then influenced Hamburg, producing the works of Meister Bertram (c. 1335-1415). At the same time, the court style that flowed in from Paris and Burgundy in the west bore fruit in the elegant forms of Meister Franke and Konrad von Soest (c. 1370-1425), and eventually reached its zenith in the Cologne school of Meister der hl. Veronika (years of birth and death unknown), the painter of St. Veronica, and Lochner (International Gothic style). On the other hand, the South German masters Lukas Moser (c. 1390-?) and Hans Multscher (c. 1400-67) showed faithful observations of nature, giving the impression that a new era was fast approaching. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Konrad von Soest" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ドイツの板絵は各地方に多様な発達をし,プラハ,ウィーンはイタリアの影響をうけ,国際ゴシック様式の系統をとり,ケルン派は14世紀に甘美な画風をもってあらわれ,15世紀にロホナーのような大画家を生む。ハンザ同盟諸市は民衆的な率直な画風をむかえ,14世紀から15世紀初めにハンブルクでマイスター・ベルトラムMeister Bertram von Minden(1340ころ‐1415ころ)が名高く,同じころコンラート・フォン・ゾーストKonrad von Soest(1370ころ‐1425ころ)はケルン派の様式をまじえ,マイスター・フランケは国際ゴシック様式に近づいている。フランスやネーデルラントでは15世紀初め,マルーエル,ブルーデルラムや,《ベリー公のいとも豪華な時禱書》の装飾をしたランブール兄弟らが国際ゴシック様式の最後をかざり,やがてファン・アイクは写実主義を徹底させ,油彩技法によって個人的視覚を確立して,新しい近代絵画の第一歩を踏み出す(ヘントのシント・バーフ教会の《神秘の小羊》大祭壇画,1432)。… 【ドイツ美術】より…教皇庁のあった南フランス,アビニョンを経由してプラハへ伝えられたシエナ派のマルティーニの影響は,14世紀後半のボヘミア絵画の基礎となり,次いでハンブルクへ感化をおよぼしてマイスター・ベルトラムMeister Bertram(1335ころ‐1415)の画面を生む。同じころ西方のパリやブルゴーニュ地方から流入してきた宮廷様式はマイスター・フランケやコンラート・フォン・ゾーストKonrad von Soest(1370ころ‐1425ころ)の優雅な形式に結実し,やがて〈聖ベロニカ〉の画家Meister der hl.Veronika(生没年不詳)やロホナーのケルン派において全盛期を迎える(国際ゴシック様式)。一方南ドイツのモーザーLukas Moser(1390ころ‐?)やウィッツやムルチャーHans Multscher(1400ころ‐67)には忠実な自然の観察がみられ,新時代到来の間近さを感じさせる。… ※「Konrad von Soest」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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