...Nubian Islam was not easily established after the Arab conquest of Egypt in the mid-7th century, and it was not until the Mamluk dynasty (1250-1517) conquered Nubia (early 14th century). From that time on, the Nubian people came into contact with Arab Muslims who were moving south from Egypt along the Nile River or across the Red Sea from the Arabian Peninsula, and the Arab tribes known collectively as Ja'alin and Juhayna were born. As the Christian kingdoms declined, a number of Islamic emirates (Mashyakha) of these Arab tribes were established along the Nile River, and around the same time as the Ottoman Empire took over Egypt (1517), these emirates were united to form the Kingdom of Funj (1515-1821), and Islamic rule began in the Blue Nile basin, centered at Sennar, from the third cataract to the confluence of the two Niles. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Ja'alin" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…7世紀半ばアラブに征服されたエジプトがイスラム時代に入ってからも,ヌビアは容易にはイスラム化せず,ヌビアのイスラム化が始まるのは,マムルーク朝(1250‐1517)のヌビア征服(14世紀初め)以後である。その頃からヌビア住民は,ナイル川に沿ってエジプトから南下する,あるいは紅海を渡ってアラビア半島からやって来るアラブ・ムスリムと接触を深め,ジャアリーンJa‘alīnおよびジュハイナJuhaynaと総称される,アラブの血を引いた諸部族の誕生をみた。これらアラブ系部族のイスラム首長国(マシュヤハMashyakha)が,キリスト教王国の衰退につれてナイル川流域にいくつも成立していき,オスマン帝国のエジプト支配(1517)と同じ頃,それら首長国を統合してフンジFunj王国(1515‐1821)が成立,青ナイル川流域センナールSennārを中心にしてナイル川第3急湍以南両ナイル合流域にかけてイスラムにもとづく統治が始まった。… ※「Ja‘alīn」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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