industrial union

Japanese: industrial union(英語表記)industrialunion
industrial union

A trade union is a group of workers that is organized by occupation (job) and excludes low-skilled workers. However, with the development of mass production, it became common for companies to train unskilled workers in-house and assign them to higher-ranking positions, replacing skilled workers who were all-purpose craftsmen. This made it necessary for workers to unite without distinction between skilled and unskilled.

From the Labor Union:

...In major sectors, such as the motor transport sector, where general unions represent most workers, general unions also function as industrial unions, but in sectors where other industrial unions are dominant, general unions represent the less skilled workers and often compete with other unions.
[Industrial union]
As capital became more concentrated and a monopoly capitalist system in which large corporations wielded strong control was established, heavy chemical industrialization through mass production methods was promoted, and the accompanying technological innovations had a major impact on labor unions. The traditional all-purpose skilled worker model was dismantled and replaced by workers who were trained in specific processes through in-company training.

*Some explanations of terms that refer to "industrial union" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…一産業内の全労働者を組織対象とする労働組合をいい,現代労働組合の基本的形態である。初期の労働組合は一般に職業(職能)別組合(クラフト・ユニオン)として熟練労働者の間で組織され,低熟練労働者は排除されていたが,大量生産工業の発展にともない,万能工的な熟練労働者に代わって,未熟練労働者を企業内で訓練してしだいに上位の職務に配置する方式が一般的になったため,熟練・不熟練の区別なく団結することが必要になった。…

【労働組合】より

…自動車輸送部門など,一般組合がほとんどの労働者を組織している主要部門については,一般組合も産業別組合として機能しているが,他に有力な産業別組合が組織されている部門では,比較的に熟練度の低い労働者を組織し,しばしば他の組合と競合している。
[産業別組合industrial union]
 資本の集中が進み,大企業が強い支配力をもつ独占資本主義体制が確立すると,大量生産方式による重化学工業化が推進され,それに伴う技術革新によって労働組合は大きな影響を受けた。従来の万能工型の熟練は解体され,企業内養成に従って特定工程に習熟した労働者がそれにとって代わった。…

※「industrial union」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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