Hollander

…In Japan, bast fibers such as paper mulberry and mitsumata were used, but in Europe, hemp waste was the main material, and later cotton rags, straw, and esparto were also used. The beating process, which breaks down these raw materials into a porridge-like consistency, is an important step in papermaking. In the mid-17th century, the Hollander was invented in the Netherlands (the inventor is unknown, and it was named after the country), and for the next 200 years, beaters based on the same principle were used, although the type changed. Today, refiners, which break down, beat, and refine the pulp, are used in the manufacture of general paper. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "hollander" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…日本ではコウゾ，ミツマタなど靱皮繊維を使ったが，ヨーロッパでは麻くずが主体で，のちに綿ぼろ，わら，エスパルトなども使われた。これらの原料を粥（かゆ）状にときほぐす叩解（こうかい）beatingの操作は，製紙上たいせつな工程であるが，17世紀半ばにオランダでホランダーhollanderが発明され(発明者は不明で，国名にちなんで名付けられた)，以後200年ばかり形式は変わっても同じ原理の叩解機(ビーターbeater)が使われた。現在ではパルプの離解，叩解，精製などを行うリファイナーrefinerが一般紙の製造に使われている。…

※「hollander」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報