ground controlled approach

Japanese: ground controlled approach（英語表記）groundcontrolledapproach

...(4) Landing Guidance and Control Service: Using precision approach radar (PAR), landing aircraft are continuously instructed on course and height from a position about 10 km from the end of the runway to guide them to the touchdown point. This is known as GCA (short for ground controlled approach), but it has now been mostly replaced by instrument landing systems (ILS). (5) En-route Traffic Control Service: This is a control service provided to all aircraft flying under instrument flight rules within a flight information region, except for the airspace around the airport. When an aircraft flies into an adjacent flight information region, the necessary information is reported in advance to ensure that the aircraft can continue flying without any problems. ...

From [Air Safety Radio Facility]

...In addition, there are facilities for hyperbolic navigation such as Omega, Loran, and Decca, with Omega and Loran being mainly used for long-distance ocean navigation, and Decca being mainly used for helicopter routes in the UK. (2) Precision guidance devices for landing include the military GCA (abbreviation for ground controlled approach, also known as ground-guided landing gear) and the civilian ILS. ...

*Some explanations of terms that refer to the "ground controlled approach" are provided below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…(4)着陸誘導管制業務　着陸する航空機に対し，精密進入レーダー(PAR)を用いて，滑走路端から10km前後の位置からコースと高さを継続的に指示して接地点まで誘導する。いわゆるGCA(ground controlled approachの略)と呼ばれるものであるが，現在はほとんど計器着陸装置(ILS)に置き換えられている。(5)航空路管制業務　空港周辺の空域を除き，飛行情報区内を飛行するすべての計器飛行方式の航空機に対して行われる管制業務で，航空機が隣接する飛行情報区に飛行する場合は，あらかじめ必要な情報を通報し，当該機が支障なく飛行を続けられるように取り計らう。…

【航空保安無線施設】より

…このほか，オメガ，ロラン，デッカなど双曲線航法用の施設もあり，オメガ，ロランはおもに長距離洋上用，デッカは主としてイギリスでヘリコプターの空路などに利用されている。(2)の着陸のための精密誘導装置としては，主として軍用のGCA(ground controlled approachの略。地上誘導着陸装置ともいう)と民間用のILSなどがある。…

※「ground controlled approach」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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