…The linear and sharp-angled form of runes is thought to be due to the fact that they were originally carved into wood using sharp tools such as a knife (the forms of modern Germanic words for "book," such as English book, German Buch, and Danish bog, suggest that runes were carved into pieces of beech (beech, Buche, or bøg) wood). The runic writing system (also called Futhark after the first six letters) is broadly divided into two types: the 24-letter "Old Runes" and the 16-letter "New Runes" (see diagram). Old runes are a common system among the Germanic peoples, and the oldest known material is a spear tip excavated from Ävre Stab in Oppland, Norway (late 2nd century.… *Some of the terminology that refers to "Futhark" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ルーン文字が形態的に直線的で鋭角的なのは,元来小刀など鋭利な道具を用いて木に刻まれたことによると考えられる(現代ゲルマン語の〈本〉を意味する単語,すなわち英語book,ドイツ語Buch,デンマーク語bogなどの形は,ルーン文字がブナbeech,Buche,bøgの木片に刻まれたことを示唆する)。 ルーン文字体系(最初の6字から〈フウスアルクFuthark〉とも称される)は,24字の〈古ルーン文字〉と,16字の〈新ルーン文字〉の2種に大別される(図参照)。 古ルーン文字はゲルマン共通の体系で,現在知られる最古の資料としては,ノルウェー・オップラン州エーブレ・スタブ出土の槍の穂先(2世紀後半。… ※「Futhark」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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