…When an individual has a genealogical connection to a particular ancestor through parents, and this connection is a criterion for membership in a group or category that shares the particular ancestor, the principle of an individual belonging to the group or category is called descent. A genealogical connection is a continuous line of parent-child relationships that originate from a particular ancestor and continues through generations to descendants (individuals), and membership to a group or category is transmitted from parent to child through these filial links. Membership is usually acquired by birth to certain parents, but descent is traced through socially recognized parent-child relationships and their chains, so membership can also be acquired and transmitted by adoption. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "filial links" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…個人が親を通じて特定祖先と系譜的なつながりをもち,このつながりが,特定祖先を共有する集団またはカテゴリーの成員資格規準となる場合,個人を集団またはカテゴリーに所属させるこのような原則を出自という。系譜的なつながりとは,特定祖先に発して子孫(個人)へと至る連綿とした代々の親子関係であり,このような〈親子関係の連鎖filial links〉を通じて,集団またはカテゴリーへの所属権(メンバーシップ)が親から子へと伝達されていく。通常メンバーシップは,ある親のもとに生まれることによって生得的に獲得されるが,出自はあくまでも社会的に認知された親子関係とその連鎖を通じてたどられるので,〈養子縁組adoption〉によってメンバーシップが獲得され伝達される場合もある。… ※「filial links」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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