famulus

…Frequently, the lord designated prime land as his direct holding, and in some areas, he built fences to fertilize the land and forced the peasants to graze their livestock. For plowing and harvesting, he could use the labor of famulus (direct holding laborers) and the corvée of slaves. The products of the direct holding were mainly grain and wool, and were sold on the market, except for the amount consumed by the lord himself. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "famulus" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…しばしば領主は優等地を直営地に指定し，また地域によっては直営地の施肥のために囲いを設けて農民の家畜を強制的に放牧させた。耕耘や収穫にはファムルスfamulus(直営地雇用労働者)の労働と隷農の賦役をあてることができた。領主直営地の生産物は主として穀物と羊毛で，自家消費分を除いて市場向けに販売された。…

※「famulus」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報