Wang Hui - Ouki

A painter from the early Qing Dynasty in China. He is one of the so-called Four Kings and Wu Yun, along with Wang Shimin, Wang Jian, Wang Yuanqi, Wu Li, and Yun Ge. His pen name was Shigu, and his pen names were Tongyan Waishi, Wumoku Shanren, and Qinghui Master. He was born in Yushan (Changshu County, Jiangsu Province) and started to study painting at a young age. When Wang Jian came to Yushan at the age of 20, he was recognized for his talent and became his pupil. Later, he was taught by Wang Jian's friend Wang Shimin. His landscape paintings, which he perfected after studying under these two great painters, are said to be the best in the Qing Dynasty. He was often commissioned by the emperor to paint, and at the age of 62, he completed the 12 volumes of Emperor Kangxi's "Southern Excursion Tu" in two years. He then returned to his hometown, where he devoted himself to painting and training his disciples for over 20 years until his death at the age of 86. He assimilated all kinds of painting styles, fused the Southern and Northern schools of painting, encouraged the Qing Dynasty Painting Academy to adopt Southern School painting, and founded the Yushan school, which flourished as a major school of Southern School painting in the Qing Dynasty, leaving a great influence on posterity.

[Shinya Hoshiyama]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、清(しん)代初期の画家。王時敏(おうじびん)、王鑑(おうかん)、王原祁(おうげんき)、呉歴(ごれき)、惲格(うんかく)とともにいわゆる四王呉惲(しおうごうん)の一人。字(あざな)は石谷、号は耕煙外史、烏目(うもく)山人、清暉(せいき)主人など。虞山(ぐざん)（江蘇(こうそ)省常熟県）出身で、若年より画を学び、20歳のとき虞山に来遊した王鑑に画才を認められ、師事する。のち王鑑の友人王時敏の指導を得た。この二大画家に学んで大成した彼の山水画は清代第一と称され、しばしば皇帝の命を受けて画作し、62歳のとき康煕(こうき)帝の『南巡図』12巻を2年の歳月をかけて完成している。その後故郷に帰り、86歳で没するまでの20年余、画事と弟子の育成に努めた。彼はあらゆる画風を消化し、南宗画(なんしゅうが)と北宗画とを融合し、清朝画院の南宗画化を促し、また清朝南宗画の一大画派として栄えた虞山派を開くなど、後世に大きな影響を残した。

［星山晋也］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例