Consultants for prefectural affairs (English: Consultants for prefectural affairs)

Japanese: Conseils de préfecture(英語表記)Conseilsdeprefecture
Consultants for prefectural affairs (English: Consultants for prefectural affairs)


[France]
The origin of the establishment and development of administrative law, which is premised on the establishment and development of a constitutional state on the one hand and an administrative system on the other, can be seen in French administrative law. In France, based on the unique history of the conflict between the Parlement, a traditional conservative judicial court, and the monarchy during the Ancien Régime period before the French Revolution, especially the distrust of the latter against the former, and the idea of ​​Montesquieu-style separation of powers, in the 19th century, jurisdiction over administrative cases was transferred from the Court of Justice to the administrative courts of the National Council (Conseil d'État) and the Departmental Council (Conseils de préfecture), and cases related to administrative law came to be under the jurisdiction of administrative courts due to the concept of public service. French administrative law has basically developed as a unique legal system based on the accumulation of precedents from administrative courts, centered around the Conseil d'État.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Conseils de préfecture" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[フランス]
 このような一方における法治国家=立憲国家,他方における行政制度の成立・展開を前提条件とする行政法の成立・展開の始原は,フランス行政法にみられる。フランスでは,フランス革命以前のアンシャン・レジーム期における伝統的保守的な司法裁判所としての高等法院=パルルマンParlementと王権との抗争,とくに後者の前者に対する不信という特殊な沿革およびモンテスキュー型権力分立の考え方に基づいて,19世紀に至って行政事件の裁判権が司法裁判所から行政裁判所たる国参事院=コンセイユ・デタConseil d’Étatおよび県参事院=コンセイユ・ド・プレフェクチュールConseils de préfectureの手に移されることとなり,公役務service publicの観念によって行政法に関する事件は,以後,行政裁判所の管轄とされるに至った。フランス行政法は,基本的に,このようなコンセイユ・デタを中心とする行政裁判所の判例の集積によって,独自の法体系として展開してきた。…

※「Conseils de préfecture」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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